PM R, 2018; 10(9): 889-897, PMID: 29626614

Effects of whole body vibration on tibia strength and structure of competitive adolescent swimmers: A randomized controlled trial.

Year: 2018

Gomez-Bruton A, Gonzalez-Aguero A, Matute-Llorente A, Julian C, Lozano-Berges G, Gomez-Cabello A, Garatachea N, Casajus JA, Vicente-Rodriguez G
GENUD (Growth, Exercise, NUtrition and Development) Research Group, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain; Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red de Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y Nutricion (CIBERON).

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Swimming has no effect on bone mass or structure. Therefore, adolescent swimmers present similar bone strength values when compared to normo-active controls, and lower values when compared to weight-bearing athletes. It thus seems necessary to try to improve bone structure and strength of adolescent swimmers through a weight-bearing intervention in order to reduce the risk of suffering osteoporosis later in life. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effects of a 6-month WBV intervention on bone strength and structure of adolescent swimmers. DESIGN: Randomized controlled trial. SETTING: Research centre. PARTICIPANTS: A total of 51 swimmers (14.4+/-2.0 y) participated in the study. METHODS: Swimmers were randomly allocated into two groups: 20 swimmers (9 females) that only performed their swimming training, and 31 swimmers (15 females) that performed their swimming training and received a WBV intervention (3.6 to 11.6 g) 3 times per week during 6 months (VIB). OUTCOME MEASUREMENTS: Peripheral quantitative computed tomography was performed in the non-dominant tibia of all swimmers at 4, 38 and 66 percent of the tibia length before and after the intervention. RESULTS: No differences between groups in any bone structure variable were found at pre- or post-intervention. Both groups presented similar improvements in time, and no group by time interactions were found, suggesting that the WBV intervention was not intense enough to achieve positive changes in bone strength or structure. CONCLUSION: WBV, at the chosen intensities and durations, had no effect on adolescent swimmers" bone strength or structure. Future studies should test other weight-bearing interventions aiming to improve bone strength and structure of adolescent swimmers.

GID: 4664; Last update: 16.04.2018