Nutrients, 2019; 11(3): 555, PMID: 30841631

Adherence to a Mediterranean Diet and Bone Mineral Density in Spanish Premenopausal Women.

Year: 2019

Perez-Rey J, Roncero-Martin R, Rico-Martin S, Rey-Sanchez P, Pedrera-Zamorano JD, Pedrera-Canal M, Lopez-Espuela F, Lavado Garcia JM
Metabolic Bone Disease Research Group, University of Extremadura, 10003 Caceres, Spain. jperezrey@hotmail.com.

Abstract

The Mediterranean diet (MD) has been associated with an improvement in health and an increase in longevity. Certain components of a MD can play a role in the prevention of osteoporosis and/or hip fracture. We investigated the association between the degree of adherence to a MD and bone mineral density (BMD) measured in several bone areas in a population of Spanish premenopausal women. We analyzed 442 premenopausal women aged 42.73 +/- 6.67 years. Bone measurements were obtained using quantitative bone ultrasound (QUS) for the phalanx, dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) for the lumbar spine, Ward"s triangle, trochanter, and hip, and peripheral quantitative computed tomography (pQCT) for the non-dominant distal forearm. MD adherence was evaluated with MedDietScore. Amplitude-dependent speed of sound (Ad-SOS), BMD, and volumetric bone mineral density (vBMD) (total, trabecular, and cortical bone density) were positively associated with higher adherence to the MD (p < 0.05). Adherence to the MD was significantly associated with QUS, BMD, and vBMD in multiple regression analysis; QUS: Ad-SOS (m/s) beta = 0.099 (p = 0.030); BMD (g/cm(2)): femur neck beta = 0.114 (p = 0.010) and Ward"s triangle beta = 0.125 (p = 0.006); vBMD (mg/cm(3)): total density beta = 0.119 (p = 0.036), trabecular density beta = 0.120 (p = 0.035), and cortical density beta = 0.122 (p = 0.032). We conclude that the adherence to the MD was positively associated with better bone mass in Spanish premenopausal women.

GID: 4871; Last update: 11.03.2019
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